Ф.Г. Якоби и московская школа духовно-академической философии XIX в. Часть I. Ф.Г. Якоби и Ф.А. Голубинский

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of the philosophical views of Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi and professor of philosophy of the Moscow Theo­logical Academy of the first half of the 19th century Feodor A. Golubinsky, reveals the similarity of the positions of both thinkers in distinguishing and under­standing of the Understanding and Reason as a discursive and contemplative ability, in the doctrine of the ideas of Reason, in a positive assessment of Pla­to’s philosophy, in the defense of theism and criticism of pantheism. The arti­cle examines in detail Jacobi’s thesis about the depending of theism and natu­ralism on certain theories of knowledge, his assessment of the teachings of Kant. The differences between Jacobi and Golubinsky in the name and charac­teristics of the Absolute are also revealed. The question of Jacobi’s attitude to the concept of infinity and of possible influences on Golubinsky, in whose phi­losophy the idea of the Infinite has become central, is specially considered. In this regard, the views of Friedrich Bouterwek and Pierre Poiret are ana­lyzed. It is concluded that the main provisions of Jacobi’s doctrine of the rea­son and its ideas become a characteristic feature of the ecclesiastical-academic philosophy of the first half of the 19th century.