Изучение динамики численности эколого-трофических групп микроорганизмов эпифитной микробиоты Stellaria media и Urtica dioica

Abstract

The dynamics of the strength of the epiphytic microbiota of the root zone and phyllosphere of the Stellaria media and Urtica dioica in the vegetation phase of plants (seedlings, flowering, fruiting) was studied. The data on the strength of microorganisms of ecotrophic groups are presented: ammonifying bacteria using mineral forms of nitrogen, bacteria of the Escherichia coli group, micromycetes and bacteria in the spore stage. It was determined that the medium-sized microbiota of the Stellaria media is more strengthen than the Urtica dioica, which is probably due to the morphoanatomical features of plants and the metabolites produced. The microbiota of the rhizosphere of plants of the Stellaria media and Urtica dioica is much more strength than the phyllosphere due to the root exudates of plants that provide food for microorganisms. The dynamics of the microbiota of the rhizosphere reflects the unequal level of metabolite production by plants in different phases of vegetation. The total strength of aerobic bacteria that metabolize organic nitrogen in the basal zone of Stellaria media increases in the flowering phase, and in the basal zone of Urtica dioica – in the phase of seedlings.The greatest strength of microscopic fungi during the flowering phase of Stellaria media is probably associated with the production of metabolites by plants and favorable weather conditions for the development of micromycetes. Micromycetes belong to the following genera: Trichoderma, Penicillium, Fusarium, Botrytis, Mucor, Aspergillus, Cladosporium. The strength of phyllosphere microorganisms varies according to the stages of plant vegetation. The Stellaria media and the Urtica dioica have a specific microbial complex, both in the aboveground and underground parts, which varies during the growing season and differs in a certain ratio of ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms.