Abstract

이 연구의 목적은 응천에서 채집한 담수 붕어(Carassius auratus)의 산화적 스트레스와 조직병리학적 손상을 분석하여 하수처리장 방류수의 영향을 평가하는 것이다. 방류수 혼합 지점과 하류 지점에서 채집한 붕어의 아가미, 간, 콩팥의 과산화수소 분해효소(catalase)의 활동도는 상류 지점과 비교하여 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 혼합 지점의 아가미와 간의 글루타치온 S-전이효소(glutathione-S-transferase)의 활동도는 상류 지점과 비교하여 유의하게 높았으며(p < 0.05), 상류 지점보다 유의하게 더 증가된 간의 지질 과산화(lipid peroxidation)가 혼합 지점에서 관찰되었다. 붕어의 조직병리학적 손상의 정도는 간 > 콩팥 > 아가미순으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 간이 방류수의 영향을 가장 크게 받는다는 것을 의미한다. 붕어의 조직 손상도(degree of tissue changes)는 혼합 지점에서 채집한 시료(30.98 ± 5.40)에서 가장 컸으며, 그 다음은 하류 지점 시료(19.28 ± 4.31)이고 가장 낮은 것은 상류 지점 시료(4.83 ± 2.67)로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 혼합 지점에서 채집한 붕어가 방류수에 가장 큰 영향을 받았다는 것을 의미하며, 산화적 스트레스와 조직병리학적 지표들이 방류수로 오염된 하천을 모니터링하는데 유용하다는 것을 나타낸다. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of effluent discharge from a sewage treatment plant by evaluating oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in freshwater crucian carp Carassius auratus collected from the Eungcheon stream, located in Korea. Catalase activity in the gills, liver, and kidneys of C. auratus was collected from mixing zones; the downstream site was notably higher of fish than that of the upstream site. In addition, the activity of glutathione-S-transferase in the gills and liver was significantly higher in samples from the mixing zone than in those from the upstream site (p < 0.05). In addition, significantly elevated lipid peroxidation levels were observed in fish livers sampled from the mixing zone than in those from the upstream site (p < 0.05). Significant histopathological alternations were also observed in C. auratus, with the order of magnitude changes being liver > kidney > gills. These findings suggest that the liver is most affected by effluent discharge. The degree of tissue changes (DTC) indicate that the highest level occurred in samples from the mixing zone (30.98 ± 5.40) followed by those from the downstream site (19.28 ± 4.31) and was the lowest in samples from the upstream site (4.83 ± 2.67). These findings indicate that fish collected from the mixing zone are most affected by effluent discharge and both oxidative stress and histopathological indices are useful tools for monitoring contaminated rivers and streams.

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