РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ САМОУБИЙСТВ ПО РАЙОНАМ РЕСПУБЛИКИ САХА (ЯКУТИЯ) ЗА ПОСЛЕДНИЕ 5 ЛЕТ

Abstract

Suicide prevention is an important task of modern society for the World Health Organization (WHO). For the Russian Federation, the problem of suicidal behavior of the population is an urgent problem. There are regions in the country with an ultra-high suicide index (more than 60 cases per 100 thousand population). They are located in the North of the country and in most cases are ethnic entities. In this regard, a systematic study of the regional and ethno-cultural features of the suicidal situation in the country is required. Research methods: Within the framework of the study, a clinical and epidemiological analysis of the frequency of suicides in the districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over the past 5 years (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020) was applied. An average suicide index for five years was revealed for each district and for the Vilyuisk group of districts. Research results: 1. The average suicide index for five years in the Republic of Sakha Yakutia was 25 per 100 thousand population. This indicator is more than 2.5 times higher than the global average and 2 times higher than the Russian indicators. 2. Areas with an ultra–high level of committed suicides (more than 60 cases per 100 thousand population) have been identified – these are Anabarsky, Srednekolymsky and Eveno-Bytantaysky. The highest suicide rate was detected in the Srednekolymsky district – 93.8 cases of suicide per 100 thousand population. 3. Five districts with a high suicide rate have been identified (from 40 to 59 cases per 100 thousand population). 4. 22 districts with moderate suicide rates were identified (20-39 cases per 100 thousand population). 5. 3 districts and a city with low suicide rates have been identified (0-19 cases of suicide per 100 thousand population). 6. The average suicide index for the Vilyui group of districts was 32. This indicator is 1.3 times higher than the republic’s index. Conclusion: 1. In areas with extremely high suicide rates, mainly representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North live. 2. Ultra-high suicidal activity indicates insufficient socio-economic development in the above-mentioned areas. 3. The basic psychological need of indigenous peoples – the affiliation need remains unsatisfied. 4. The high suicidal activity of representatives of indigenous peoples indicates their alienation from the culture of their people. 5. Relatively high suicide rates in the Vilyuisk group of districts may be caused by a violation of the ecological balance in the «man – environment» system due to negative anthropogenic impact. 6. Suicide mortality depends on the average age of the district population – the older the population, the higher the suicide index.