Визначення оптимального значення опору резистора заземлення нейтралі в мережах 20 кВ

Abstract

At present, there is an objective need for a solution in the power system of Ukraine problems of improving the principles of construction of network topology by voltage classes and types of performance on based on scientifically sound technical solutions using modern methods and technologies. The article is devoted to the study of the optimal value of the resistance of the neutral grounding resistor in 20 kV networks. Distribution electric networks of Ukraine with a voltage of 6 (10) kV are included in the final link systems of providing consumers with electric energy. They are in direct interaction both with the consumer, and regional and main electric networks. Therefore, the state and the operation of 6 (10) kV electrical distribution networks has a significant impact on performance reliability, quality and efficiency of the integrated power system of Ukraine. Transition from voltage level 6 (10) kV on 20 kV is an actual and priority step to increase the efficiency of operation distribution network and a significant reduction in electricity losses. The paper presents the types of resistors and options for their installation in the neutral voltage network 20 kV. The relationship between the resistance of the neutral grounding resistor and the single-phase current is established short circuit, which directly affects the types of relay protections, as well as their number. Simulation of the 20 kV network operation mode was performed, based on the results of which the optimal one was chosen the value of the resistance of the neutral grounding resistor in the presented network, which is achieved sufficient sensitivity of relay protection devices at the lowest short-circuit current. This one was chosen for the study neutral grounding method, because resistive grounding has the following advantages: no arcs high-frequency overvoltages and multiple damages in the network; no need to disconnect the first single-phase earth fault; reducing the likelihood of impressions of staff and outsiders at single-phase short circuit; almost complete exclusion of the possibility of transition of single-phase circuit to ground in multiphase; simple implementation of sensitive and selective relay protection single-phase ground fault.