Роль проблем пренатального периода в развитии ретинопатии недоношенных. Часть 2

Abstract

Purpose. Identification of prenatal factors influencing on the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) development and severity of its course. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 90 case histories of premature patients was carried out. There were 3 groups of clinical trials: children without ROP development (30 children), children with ROP development with severe course of type I, requiring surgical treatment (30 children) and children with type II ROP that ended in spontaneous regression (30 children). Results. The detection of cervical ectopia in the mother can potentially be used as a risk factor for predicting the development of ROP and its severe course during screening. The presence of miscarriages in the mother’s obstetric history is associated with a high risk of ROP requiring surgical treatment. Maternal history of medical abortion does not significantly affect the risk of developing ROP in a premature newborn. The presence in the anamnesis of a mother of an undeveloped (missed) pregnancy is a risk factor for the development of ROP and its severe course in a premature baby. Threatened abortion in the 1st trimester and its treatment with progesterone analogues are associated with a reduced risk of developing ROP and a decrease in its severity. The development of preeclampsia is not associated with a high risk of developing and severe ROP. Somatic pathology, maternal hypertension and a history of hepatitis do not affect the development of ROP. Conclusion. The presence of an ectopic cervix in the mother, miscarriages and undeveloped pregnancy in an obstetric history are prenatal risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity. Key words: prenatal risk factors, retinopathy of prematurity, premature baby, cervical ectopia, miscarriage, missed pregnancy, preeclampsia