«Преодолевшая символизм»: ирония в лирике А. Ахматовой первой половины 1910-х гг.

Abstract

The article proposes ways to solve the problem of the specifics of acmeistic irony based on the material of Anna Akhmatova's early lyrics. In the early 1910s acmeists entered into an open dialogue with symbolists, offering a new artistic attitude and forms of its implementation in a poetic word. The acmeists opposed the "hopeless" irony of their predecessors, who realized the intractable conflict between the individual and the "collective". For Akhmatova, a dialogue with I. F. Annensky was important, in whose poetry the subject plan creates a symbolic paradigm and is a symbol of the tragic clutch of I and the Other. The irony in Akhmatova's work was initially due to such a basic feature of the poet's artistic thinking as a constant feeling of the possibility and even the need for a different view, a different point of view. The nature of this poetic phenomenon is thus dialogic and intersubject. Self-irony as an internal and external device of sharpening allows the poet to speak in a new way about a woman, her creative potential and the drama of her personal fate. Forms of irony are revealed through analysis of male and female masks of lyrical self, through images and motifs, complex subject organization of poems. The intersubject and dialogic nature of the heroine's experience opens the reader up the possibility of perceiving a lyrical event in several semantic perspectives (dramatic/tragic and ironic). Hidden irony is revealed by a holistic analysis of individual works.