РОЛЬ ИМПУЛЬСИВНОСТИ И ЕЁ ТИПОВ В СТРУКТУРЕ БИПОЛЯРНОГО АФФЕКТИВНОГО РАССТРОЙСТВА

Abstract

Elevated levels of impulsivity often characterize patients with bipolar affective disorder (BD). However, it remains unclear whether the characteristics of impulsivity and its types depend on the solid phase of the disease and the severity of symptoms, as well as comorbid conditions and psychopharmacotherapy. Fifty-one patients diagnosed with BD and 61 respondents without psychiatric characteristics were assessed, including impulsivity with the Barratt Self-Interview Survey (BIS-11) and temperament with the Cloninger Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Statistical data processing included comparing means, analysis of variance with posterior tests, and correlation analysis. BD patients were characterized by an increased level of impulsivity regardless of the actual phase of the disease (t (76.2) = 7.04; p < 0.001). Euthymia patients were significantly more impulsive compared to the control group (t (107) = 3.95; p < 0.001), whereas patients were characterized by increases in all types of impulsivity (F (3) = 19.0; p < 0.001). There were associations of the impulsivity level with the severity of depressive (r = 0.502; p < 0.001) and manic symptoms (rho = 0.302; p = 0.035) as well as temperament traits such as reward dependence (r = -0.312; p = 0.029) and novelty seeker (r = 0.525; p < 0.001). Impulsivity assessment can serve as an essential diagnostic tool in the clinical evaluation of a patient with suspected BD.