Мониторинг аварий с экспозицией крови у медицинских работников Республики Татарстан

Abstract

Healthcare personnel are most at risk than any other profession regarding blood-borne infections due to their nature of work. The purpose is to determine the frequency and structure of accidents with blood exposure among the personnel of surgical and operating departments of two republican medical organizations in Kazan; to analyze the level of post-vaccination immunity to viral hepatitis B. Material and methods. We analyzed the data of accidents with blood exposure from registers in 2016–2018. The total amount of investigated medical personnel was 1673: doctors — 465, nurses — 1009 and nurse aids — 199. The personnel (n = 1474) was questioned about the accidents with blood exposure. Selective serological examination of 197 medical personnel for viral hepatitis B antibodies was conducted using the ELISA method (certified commercial test systems manufactured by Vektor-Best CJSC). Results. The frequency of accidents with blood exposure ranged from 7,4 to 10,5 per 1000 medical personnel. Nurses were exposed to blood-borne infections more frequently than other professions. The largest number of accidents with blood exposure is registered during surgical interventions. Most accidents with blood exposure are related to punctures (pricks) with injection and suture needles. However, according to the survey results, every third employee noted accidents with blood exposure over the past 5 years. Medical workers explain the lack of proper registration by fear of punishment and confidence in the post-vaccination immunity to the hepatitis B virus. Nevertheless, according to the serological monitoring results, 49,7% of medical personnel do not have the protective titer. Conclusion. Medical organizations should implement effective systems for monitoring and training medical personnel on epidemiological safety issues.