Приемы адаптивной ресурсосберегающей технологии возделывания нута в степном засушливом Поволжье

Abstract

They are given of field and laboratory studies (2013- 2015 gg.) on improving agricultural technologies of chickpea cultivation in the steppe arid Povolzhye on the example of the new variety Vector regionalized in 2011. It was found out that application of rizotorfin, ekstrasol, zircon, siliplant and apin-extra during pre-sowing seed  treatment activates noticeably growth, production and symbiotic processes of legumes. The highest field germination of seeds and the safety of the plants to harvesting were in the variants where seeds were treated with siliplant and zircon - 79.1; 78.3% and 92.6; 91.4% respectively. It has been determined that application of specialized bacterial preparation rizotorfin during chickpea pre-treated increases symbiotic efficiency of the culture by the number of nodules formed on the roots of plants,  and by their weight, exceeding control indicators in 5.7 and 8.5 times, respectively . An analysis of individual elements of chickpea crop structure and seed conditions in the experimental and control plots evidenced that the studied bacterial preparations and growth promoters had a marked influence on the height of the plant stalks, grain productivity and, ultimately, on productivity. In the variant where seeds were with pre-treated with siliiplant yield was 3.99 t/ha, exceeding control variant by 1.68 t/ha, or more than 1.73 times. A significant increase of chickpea yield was after seed pre-sowing treatment with zircon. It amounted 1.47 t / ha, or 63.6% in relation to the control variant.