Abstract
At present, various technologies for the production of electric and heat energy are being developed and actively implemented in the world in accordance with international requirements for efficiency, economy and ecological performance. At the same time, the main attention in construction, reconstruction and modernization of power plants is given to the use of high-efficiency energy technologies for coal combustion and gasification. This paper analyzes world experience in the implementation of combined-cycle and circulating fluidized bed (CFB) technologies: combined-cycle plants (CCP) with coal gasification (with flue gas desulphurization and denitrification), combustion in atmospheric and pressurized CFB, CCP with combustion in bubbling fluidized bed under pressure, and natural gas-fired CCP in comparison with pulverized coal combustion with flue gas desulphurization and denitrification. For the new construction and reconstruction of TPP in Ukraine that burn Ukrainian coal and ensure the achievement of modern emission standards for the main pollutants, a software-and-information complex has been developed at the Institute of General Energy of the NAS of Ukraine, and a feasibility study has been carried out with comparing the average prime cost of electricity for the life cycle for advanced technologies. Our study shows that the lowest prime costs are in the case of coal combustion by the atmospheric or pressurized CFB technologies. At present, due to the high prime cost of electricity for the life cycle, the considered energy technologies are not yet competitive for the energy sector of Ukraine, although the country has a full cycle of development and production of industrial gas turbines. Combined-cycle technology is still not widely used in Ukraine. Ukrainian industry has not yet formed the necessary infrastructure for the production of CCP of high capacity, but about 80–85% of CCP equipment can be manufactured at domestic enterprises. Taking into account the high ecological performance and problems of CO2 utilization, which must be solved in the next 10-15 years, CCP and CFB technologies can be competitive for the energy sector of Ukraine in the future, and it is advisable to introduce them.
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