Abstract
The creation of lipid-lowering drugs has become one of the greatest achievements of medicine over the past 100 years. Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis are the leading cause of death in most countries. Atherosclerosis is a complex process involving the deposition of lipids and the activation of immune and inflammatory responses that ultimately lead to cardiovascular disease as a result of arterial occlusion. Currently, the main strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis is lipid-modifying therapy. Although clinical trials of agents that lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (statins, ezetimibe, PCSK9 [subtilisin/kexin 9] proprotein convertase inhibitors) reliably indicate a decrease in cardiovascular events, a relatively high risk of cardiovascular events persists in a significant proportion of patients despite such treatment.
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