ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МАТЕРИНСТВА ТА ДИТИНСТВА У ПЕРІОД ВІЙНИ: СОЦІАЛЬНО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ АНАЛІЗ

Abstract

Mother and child are unique structures whose connection is socially and biologically determined, as well as necessary for their full existence. The article considers the peculiarities of the situation of motherhood and childhood during the war, from the point of view of philosophical science, on the example of the war in Ukraine in 2022. An analysis of the literature on the location of the studied objects during the First and Second World Wars. The peculiarities of women’s reproductive health during the war have been studied on the example of historical references from the siege of Leningrad. The peculiarities of the psychological state of children who have experienced war have been identified, and the prospects for the development of such children have been described. Categories of children who received «war trauma» have been developed. The family in wartime is a mirror of the dynamic processes in society. Parental or maternal instinct – is essential in ensuring the viability of children. Mature maternal identity is able to ensure the harmonious existence of two personalities – mother and child. The concept of PTSD is studied. The mechanisms of stress on the human body as a balanced biological system are described. Philosophical approaches to the issue of death and war are studied. Death is considered the most mysterious phenomenon of philosophical thought, which is considered taboo in society. In terms of historical retrospect, the attitude to death is changing, which is a natural result of the development of science. War is seen as a controversial component of society, but with mostly negative consequences in both social and economic aspects. Paying attention to the devastating consequences of any war, both material and psycho-emotional, one can find archaic origins. The fear of war is a reflection of the deep fear of death. Peculiarities of philosophical concepts concerning the phenomenon of care are analyzed. Recommendations for the upbringing of a positive personality of a child during the war are given. Conclusions are drawn about the consequences of each war for any community. War, in a broad sense, is an instantaneous start of dynamic processes in society, which is expressed in all areas of human life. The worst damage to war is to children. From an early age, children can store and interpret memories of past events, and thus become aware of the surrounding reality. The mother is a key resource for the child’s sense of security, as well as a guarantee of its comprehensive and harmonious development, even in times of war.