Экономические возможности и политика Российской Федерации по Северному морскому пути

Abstract

The paper gives the characteristics of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) concerning its state, difficulties, problems, and development prospects. The author considers measures adopted by the Government of the Russian Federation for further development of the advanced icebreakers fleet and the advantages of applying an innovative approach, which pays special attention to the development of the Northern Sea Route as an essential marine transport corridor of Russia. It is noteworthy that a new approach to the functioning of an arctic sea transportation system in Russia suggests the substantial increase in the freight-traffic volume with the simultaneous development of its arctic territories within the zone of advanced economic growth. The author analyzes the update of legislative acts on the use of the Northern Sea Route, considers the restructuring and increase in freight traffic, measures for the development of the Northern Sea Route, the improvement of the organizational structure of management, and safety provision, as well as the shipping traffic and port development in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The paper concludes that currently, the development of the Northern Sea Route to a greater degree is associated with the solution of interrelated tasks of national security protection and socio-economic development of the Russian Arctic. Since the beginning of 2021, systematic work has been carried out to develop the NSR infrastructure. National enterprises Rosatom, PJSC Novatek, and its joint venture Yamal LNG are the key operators of the route. In the current geopolitical situation, the NSR is the large sea communication protected from external influence, which can positively affect the economic growth of Russia.