Abstract
This study investigated the effects of individual differences (in cognitive style and impulsiveness), metalinguistic awareness, and linguistic complexity on incidental second language learning. Native speakers of English (N = 23) read the novel The Mysterious Affair at Styles (Christie, 1920) rewritten in a semi-artificial language, which consisted of English vocabulary and head-final Korean syntax. After reading, participants took a surprise grammaticality judgment test, which targeted five head-final Korean sentence patterns of different levels of linguistic complexity(simple/complex). Participants also completed debriefing interviews on metalinguistic awareness and individual difference surveys. When the outcomes were analyzed according to linguistic complexity, learning effects were found to primarily stem from simple sentence patterns. Moreover, metalinguistic awareness and an experiential-intuitive cognitive style significantly predicted the incidental acquisition of complex sentence patterns. Metalinguistic awareness facilitated complex pattern learning, whereas an experiential-intuitive cognitive style had a negative impact on incidental learning of complex patterns.
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