Продуктивність і кормова цінність люцерни порівняно з іншими багаторічними травами

Abstract

The purpose. To determine the best perennial leguminous grasses at organic and mineral fertilizing and perfection of technological measures of production of feed raw material with continuous uniform receipt of vegetable mass for manufacture of ecologically safe grassy feedstuffs on dark grey podzolized soils. Justification of norms and ratios of basic nutrient elements of fertilizers for Lucerne-cereal grass stand, features of its conversion depending on fertilizer systems, use and development of measures of rational application of solid mineral fertilizers on meadow lands in conditions of northern part of Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Systems analysis, field, laboratory, analytical, mathematical-statistical, calculative-comparative. Results. The basis of botanical content of single-species sowings of perennial leguminous grasses made sowed crops. Perennial leguminous grasses in the first 3 years of use essentially predominated as to their productivity over grass family — brome grass. Productivity of leguminous grasses without fertilizers made 9–12 t/hectare of dry mass, 7–9 t / hectare of f.u., 90–103 GJ/hectare of exchange energy. Perennial leguminous grasses accumulated in above-ground vegetable mass on the average 155–302 kg/hectare symbiotically fixed nitrogen for 3 years of use of grass stands. Growing of perennial leguminous grasses with the purpose of production of grassy feedstuffs is economically efficient as even without fertilization they ensured deriving about 7724–9803 hrn/hectare of conditionally-net profit at cost price of 546–630 hrn/1 t of f.u. with the level of profitableness 165–205 %. Conclusions. The highest productivity had the grass stand with Lucerne. The greatest accumulation of symbiotically fixed nitrogen had Lucerne, which indexes of economic efficiency were the highest. Most economically expedient was importation of preparation Wuxal-Microplant.