Влияние вида организации ремонта на безопасность труда и уровень травматизма

Abstract

An important task of an industrial enterprise is to ensure the reliability of equipment at the operational stage. For this purpose, repair activities are carried out at the enterprise, which involve hazards and risks in the field of occupational safety and health protection. The hazards of emergency repairs are related to their unplanned, sudden, emergency and non-standardized operations. Often unforeseen situations arise, works are performed without prior detailed risk analysis and without elaborated procedures for their implementation. These circumstances are the hazards with which incident risks are associated. The least hazardous is the organization of preventive maintenance and technical condition repairs. And the lowest danger is characterized by the organization of predictive maintenance. Statistical data from the foreign sources confirm the existence of direct correlation between the volume of emergency repairs, backlog works and unscheduled downtime on the one hand and injury rate on the other. And vice versa, there is an inverse correlation of the level of injuries with the volume of preventive maintenance, the degree of compliance with the maintenance schedule. In this regard, it is advisable to use in the occupational safety and health management system the indicators known from practice as indicators of maintenance processes. They characterize production processes in terms of the share of emergency repairs, preventive maintenance, maintenance repairs in the total volume of work, as well as the degree of fulfillment of the maintenance plan-schedule, etc. On their basis, the criteria for risk assessment and performance indicators in the field of occupational safety and health can be established. Monitoring these indicators in the information system and measures to improve them will help to ensure the workplace safety by improving maintenance and repair processes, identifying and eliminating root causes hidden in these processes.