Теоретико-методические аспекты оценки уровня насыщенности региональной экономики инновационной инфраструктурой

Abstract

The article investigates the importance of innovation infrastructure in developing areas. A content analysis of the categories of "infrastructure" has shown that the main purpose of creating infrastructure is to create conditions for the development of enterprises. From the standpoint of the process approach, a model of interaction of the primary process and infrastructure support is suggested, allowed us to estimate the infrastructure in relation to the resources available to meet the needs of the primary process. These circumstances led to the conclusion of the inseparability of infrastructure from activities. Particular attention is paid to the infrastructure, ensuring the development of innovation - innovation infrastructure, including determining its place in the overall infrastructure of the territory. The main subjects of innovation infrastructure are: technopolis, clusters, business accelerators, business incubators, technology parks, industrial parks, and nanotechnology- innovation and technology centers, etc. The diversity of the subjects of innovation infrastructure determines the relevance of the subjects to determine the adequacy of a particular ter-ritory and the choice of appropriate to the formation and (or) development. The article presents the results of an analytical study to determine the degree of saturation of regions with objects of innovation infrastructure. To determine the degree of saturation of objects of innovative infrastructure, territories used indicator of “concentration of innovation infrastructure entities, defined as the ratio of the elements of the innovation infrastructure in the region, and the maximum number of elements of the innovation infrastructure”. The analysis showed that the majority of the analyzed regions of Russia have almost all the objects of innovation infrastructure, but some objects of innovative structures are absent in many regions: there are no business accelerator in Belgorod, Lipetsk, Tambov, Nizhny Novgorod, Kemerovo, Chelyabinsk and Leningrad regions, Republic of Bashkortostan, in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Territory – Yugra. Technopolises exist in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Tambov, Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Leningrad Region, the Republic of Tatarstan.