ДВУХПОЗИЦИОННЫЙ ГЕОРАДИОЛОКАТОР НА БПЛА ДЛЯ ОПЕРАТИВНОГО МОНИТОРИНГА ПОДПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ВОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ

Abstract

This paper considers the implementation of a two-position ground penetrating radar (GPR) located on board unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and designed for the operational search for groundwater in arid and desert regions of Mongolia, which is an extremely urgent task. With the help of synthesizing the GPR antenna aperture on the UAV, a significant increase in information content is achieved compared to existing GPRs, since it becomes possible to obtain a panoramic radar image of the subsurface layers of the probed medium with the required resolution with a sufficiently wide swath. On the other hand, the necessary efficiency (required, for example, when monitoring vast desert areas) can only be achieved with a sufficiently wide field of view created on the basis of the two-position sounding principle, where the emitting and receiving signals are formed and processed on UAVs of different or equal heights flying with the same speed and spaced orthogonally to the direction of their movement, which makes it possible to use quasi-mirror reflection. In this case, the swath will be noticeably larger than in the case of nadir sounding. In a condensed form, the article considers the following issues: the model of a subsurface aquifer, the geometry of a two-position GPR in the quasi-mirror sounding mode, up to the features of synthesizing the aperture (Doppler narrowing of the radiation pattern) of the receiving antenna, resolution, the required potential of a two-position GPR for reliable detection of an aquifer subsurface horizon, accuracy measurements of its depth, as well as the need for experimental work to test the theoretical provisions.