ФОРМУВАННЯ МАТЕРІАЛЬНИХ ПОТОКІВ В ЛОГІСТИЧНІЙ СИСТЕМІ ЗІ ЗВОРОТНИМ ЗВ’ЯЗКОМ

Abstract

The study is devoted to solving the problem of forming reverse material flows with the use of circular economy processes, which will achieve maximum efficiency of the logistics system.The existing linear model of the economy is not environmentally oriented, as it constantly requires the involvement of additional primary resources, which, passing through the man-made system, produce a large amount of waste. The concept of circular economy is based on the principles and goals of the concept of sustainable development and emphasizes the need to close logistics systems, the creation of logistics systems with feedback. The tool for the implementation of the concept are closed logistics chains, which include direct and reverse material flows.Participants and the processes used in the circular economy model proposed by the Ellen McArthur Foundation were used to create a model of a feedback logistics system that includes complete closed logistics chains. According to this model, the main participants in closed chains are: resource provider, parts manufacturer, product manufacturer, service provider, consumer/user, collection center), repair center, sort center, utilization center.Within a complete closed supply chain, the direct chain starts with the natural environment and the supplier of resources and ends with the consumer/user of the product, the reverse chain begins with the consumer/user of the product and ends with the recycling center and the natural environment.Among the processes of the circular economy to highlight the processes related to reverse logistics and involved in the organization of reverse flows to create feedback in a closed logistics chain: recover, recycle, refurbish, remanufacture, repurpose, repair, reuse. These processes, which can be called circular, create logistics loops between the participants in the logistics chain, providing feedback in closed logistics chains.The article presents a graphical model of the logistics system with feedback using circular processes; created an economic-mathematical model of the logistics system with feedback.Keywords: circular process; closed logistics chain; logistics loop; reverse material flow.