Артроскопическое оперативное лечение у возрастных пациентов с остеоартрозом коленного сустава

Abstract

Chronic arthropathies are currently one of the most key problems among diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The problem of treating osteoarthritis, aimed not only at reducing symptoms, but also at lowering the rate of progression, especially in people of older age groups, has important socio-economic significance. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the results of arthroscopic surgical treatment of age-related patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint.Methods. The article presents the results of arthroscopic treatment of age-related patients with osteoarthros is of the knee joint. The study included 65 patients with degenerative-dystrophic changes in intra-articular structures (meniscal injury, chondromatosis, synovitis, contracture due to mechanical obstruction, exostoses, osteophytes, inflammatory diseases), with the exception of patients with traumatic injuries of the capsular-ligamentous apparatus (damage to the cruciate, medial and lateral lateral ligaments, capsule) of the knee joint. The age of patients ranged from 61 to 85 years, 61-75 years - 50 (76.1%), older than 75 years - 15 (23.9%) patients. The mean age of the patients was 64.3±1.8 years. Among them, men - 21 (32.3%), women - 44 (67.70%). The ratio of males and females was 1:3. We performed arthroscopy of the knee joint using the standard anterior approach described by H. Hempfling.Results. When assessing the dynamics of pain intensity on a visual analogue scale, it was possible to achieve a decrease in pain up to 5 points. Positive results of treatment were obtained in the form of cessation of night pain after 3-7 days after surgery and the disappearance of pain after 3-4 weeks. In the postoperative period after arthroscopic debridement, it was possible to achieve positive treatment results according to the Lequesne scale up to 2-3 points.Сonclusions. The results showed that arthroscopic surgical treatment in patients of older age groups allows eliminating mechanical obstacles to joint excursions and restoring the normal range of motion of the knee joint, restoring cartilage nutrition in patients with knee contracture, and removing the inflammatory process.Key words: knee joint, osteoarthrosis, gonarthrosis, arthroscopy of the knee joint.