Интегрированная геоинформационная система для экологического мониторинга Обь-Иртышского речного бассейна

Abstract

Показаны результаты разработки геоинформационной веб-системы, предназначенной для формирования единой научно обоснованной системы высокотехнологического комплексного экологического мониторинга (гидрологического, гидрохимического, гидробиологического) Обь-Иртышского речного бассейна и позволяющей оценивать экологическое состояние водных объектов с учетом изменяющегося климата и увеличения антропогенной нагрузки. Представлены архитектура геоинформационной системы, основные модули и компоненты, функциональные возможности и интерфейс пользователя. Рассмотрена структура проблемно-ориентированной базы данных, используемой для хранения и обработки информации в составе геоинформационной веб-системы. The results of the development of a geographic information web system (GIS) are presented, designed to form a uniҥed scientiҥcally based system of high-tech integrated environmental monitoring (hydrological, hydrochemical, hydrobiological) of the Ob-Irtysh river basin. It allows assessing the ecological state of water bodies and accounting for the climate change and the increasing anthropogenic load. The architecture of a geoinformation system based on a service approach is presented. When implementing a GIS, the API-Gateway programming pattern was used. The system provides the main modules and components of the GIS, its functionality and user interface designed to display expeditionary data. The structure of a problem-oriented database used for storing and processing information as part of a geoinformation web system is considered. The database was built using the CUASHI HIS data model and a standardized relational database structure proposed by the Consortium of Universities for the Development of Hydrology to store and describe point observations. This data model is quite universal and can be used to organize the storage, search and retrieval of information collected by many organizations to solve the problems of integrated environmental monitoring. The layout of such database with a single expandable system of directories allows collecting and combining the most important data on the subject area of research and use the data for subsequent analysis, calculations, and display of results. The obtained results are applicable for organization of integrated monitoring of the ecological state of Subarctic water bodies, the implementation of environmental policy, educational and educational activities and solving important socio-economic and environmental problems, arising within the framework of the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and ensuring national security until 2035. The developed GIS provides diverse information about the state of water bodies. Software interfaces allows receiving data from various measuring instruments and complexes, as well as downloading the results of expeditionary work with the help of web interface