Особливості впровадження освітніх реформ в Японії після Другої світової війни

Abstract

Introduction. The article considers the stages of educational reforms implementation in the postwar period and their impact on schooling. Special attention is paid to the study of educational ideas in the pre-war and post-war period. The activities of the Japanese government and the occupation regime to eliminate illiteracy among various segments of the population are considered. A special role is given to the issue of military influence withdrawal from school education. The processes of introduction of “progressive education” by the US occupation regime, which played a key role in the reform process, have been updated. Purpose. The aim of the proposed article is to study the educational reforms in the postwar period in Japan. Results. Summarizing the research of historians, we can draw our own analytical conclusions about the development of the educational system in Japan. The processes of implementation of school reforms in the postwar period are studied. The role and influence of the occupation regime, its introduction of changes in schooling are determined. Conclusion. Changes in Japan’s education policy in the postwar period have yielded positive results, as evidenced by the increase in the number of educational institutions in the country. During the occupation period, the basis of the established regime was the introduction of democratization and demilitarization of the country. Education was one component of such a plan. The introduction of reforms in education has made it possible to achieve changes in the ideological views of the younger generation. The key role in the new educational concepts was played by the US missions in Japan, which operated there during the 1946-1950s. The reform of the Japanese educational system became a kind of springboard for further progressive changes in the country.