КОНСЕРВАТИЗМ ЯК КЛАСИЧНА ПОЛІТИЧНА ІДЕОЛОГІЯ: ДОМІНАНТНІ ІДЕЇ ТА ЕВРИСТИЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to identify the dominant ideas of the discourse of classical conservatism as a political ideology, which are applicable in the modern political and ideological process. The article presents the consideration of the ideology of conservatism in comparison with other classical ideologies (liberalism and socialism) and highlighted the key features of conservatism. The methodological basis of the article was the set of scientific and special methods of political science. The research methodology is based, in particular, on such scientific principles as the unity of historical and logical, the ascent from the Abstract to the concrete, objectivity, consistency, principles of analysis and synthesis and the like. Using system method the analysis of conservatism as a whole system with a complex structure. In the context of the comparative method, we carried out the selection of the dominant ideas of the discourse of conservatism. In particular, using comparativistic approach highlighted the basic criteria of the distinction between conservatism and other classical political ideologies (I.Wallerstein, K.Manheim, F.A. von Hayek, etc. ). In the ideological field of conservatism — despite the powerful Arsenal of fundamental principles — ably offers a conceptual «recipes» that are composed of ideas, which are able to optimally adapt on the specific historical and political realities. That is, even today, the ideas of conservatism inherent in heuristic potential. In particular, the ideas of the evolutionary interpretation of social progress; the sharp rejection of the radical actions and extremism; awareness of the importance of the irrational components in public life and lack of desire to fix it by administrative measures, etc. in addition, it is understood that private property is inviolable. Conservatism attaches great importance to the spontaneously established institutions (for example, language, morality, customs, values, etc. ). Also very interesting are the ideas about what you should not place undue worry problem the required leverage limit managerial power. According to conservatives, more importance should be given to entities that will use them.