РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ ДОХОДОВ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В РОССИИ: НОВЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ФАКТОРЫ

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to determine the main trends in changes in the regional differentiation of the living standard of the Russian population for the period 2005-2022. Methods: the assessment is based on the results of the dynamics analysis of the indicators of the population share with an income below the subsistence minimum (SLM) and the ratio of the average per capita income (API) and SLM using the index method and identifying the nature of regional asymmetry. Results: It is shown that the dynamics of regional differentiation of living standards indicators during 2005–2011 had a smoothing nature, the indicator of the share of the population with incomes below the GPM during 2013–2022 was of an asymmetric nature of change, changes in the values of the ratio of the SD and GPM in 2011–2017 were of a neutral type, and since 2018 – of an asymmetric type. The distribution of the subjects of the Russian Federation by groups of values of complex income indices showed a steady increase in the number of regions with high and average values of the indicator, a decrease in those included in low-income groups, while pronounced intraregional asymmetry was observed in a small number of subjects of the Russian Federation. Among the main factors determining the direction of regional differentiation, the author highlights societal, socio-economic, and socio-managerial factors. Particular attention is paid to the study of the influence of the subjective administrative factor, the adoption of management decisions in changing the methodology for calculating income indicators.