『총동원』을 통해 살펴본 전시체제기 ‘국민’ 형성 기획의 특징과 성격

Abstract

This article analyzes the ‘Korean Federation for Total Mobilization of National Spirit(國民精神總動員朝鮮聯盟)’ and its organ ‘General Mobilization(總動員).’ Among the process, in particular, it focuses on the method and characteristics of making ‘National People’ in the wartime period. The ‘Korean Federation for Total Mobilization of National Spirit,’ a wartime mobilizing organization, which was launched in July 1938, focused on the administrative and spiritual systematization of Korea by mobilizing its administrative power. Therefore the Federation made efforts to attract Korean people into the wartime mobilization system by applying external pressure such as mobilizing laws, administrative bodies, and bureaucrats. However, this method of external pressure faced opposition and rejection from them. To their response, the Federation simultaneously tried to gain control of the inner world of Korean people via non-compulsory and cultural means, such as the official organ General Mobilization. These movements were aimed to encourage colonial Korean people to participate the war actively as members of the Imperial Japan and to reduce their antipathy toward wartime mobilization through non-forced means. In particular, General Mobilization was published to promote the wartime mobilization policy to the expanded patriots, and accordingly, the Federation wanted to recruit women, senior citizens and students who were staying outside the existing wartime mobilization policy.