Abstract
The results of the study of the dependence of the grain quality of soft spring wheat (Tríticum aestívum L.) on the main agroclimatic resources in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan are presented. Field experiments were carried out in different geographical locations of the republic according to the methodology of the State Variety Trial. Laboratory analyses of grain quality were carried out according to the methodology set forth in the State Standards. It has been established that the quality of soft spring wheat grain in the Republic of Bashkortostan largely depends on agroclimatic resources. In recent years, there has been a manifestation of global climate change on the territory of the republic. The amount of gluten in the grain depends to a large extent on the change in the average daily air temperature in June (r = 0.741) and to a slight extent on the average daily temperature in July (r = 0.359). The degree of dependence of gluten content increases significantly with an increase in the sum of air temperatures during the active vegetation of spring wheat (r = 0.812). The dependence of gluten content on the sum of temperatures in June and July is straightforward, and an increase in heat resources during the vegetation period of spring wheat plants by 10 °C contributes to an increase in the gluten content in grain by 0.73 %. Heat resources have a comparatively weak effect on other indicators of wheat grain quality. The correlation coefficient between gluten content and precipitation in July was 0.764. An increase in precipitation in July by 10 mm leads to a decrease in the gluten content in the grain of spring soft wheat by 0.49 %. High moisture availability also leads to the formation of soft spring wheat grain with low vitreousness (r = –0.547) and natural weight (r = –0.521). Moisture resources had a small effect on the gluten deformation index (r = 0.227). Precipitation in June has a weak effect on the quality indicators of spring soft wheat grain. The correlation coefficients between the sum of precipitation in June and the quality indicators were positive and ranged from 0.223 to 0.341
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