КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ, ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ И ЛАБОРАТОРНАЯ СПЕЦИФИКА НОВОЙ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ У ДЕТЕЙ

Abstract

Background. COVID-19 is characterized by high contagiousness in all population groups, however, children are more likely to carry the infection both asymptomatically and in a mild form. The characteristics of COVID-19 in children require analysis and a search for a risk factors for severe course. Objective. To study the clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory specifics of the new coronavirus infection in children permanently resident in Bronnitsy, Moscow region, to conduct a comparative analysis of the occurrence of the main factors affecting the severity of COVID-19, including the level of body supply with vitamin D and iron. Methods. Among the patients examined, school age children predominated (61.3%). The disease was predominantly mild and infection in 89.1% of cases in family centers as a result of close contact with sick family members. The symptoms of the disease were nonspecific in nature of upper respiratory tract lesions (fever, cough, symptoms of nasopharyngitis). Patients with moderate COVID-19 had lower hemoglobin, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, and ESR (p<0.05). A decrease in iron and 25(OH) levels was revealed in the blood serum of children with COVID-19. Results. School-age children predominated among the examined patients (61.3%). The disease was predominantly mild and infection in 89.1% of cases in family centers as a result of close contact with sick family members. The disease was predominantly mild and the symptoms were nonspecific in nature, catarrhal inflammation of the upper respiratory tract (fever, cough and signs of nasopharyngitis). Patients with moderate COVID-19 had lower hemoglobin, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, and ESR (p<0.05). A decrease in serum iron and 25(OH)D concentration indices was revealed in children who had undergone COVID-19. Conclusions. Among those infected with COVID-19, school-age children with asymptomatic and mild disease prevailed. The infection clinic presented with catarrhal symptoms, including fever, cough, and signs of nasopharyngitis. In the moderate course of COVID-19, the chances of anemia in children increased (OR= 2.56), as well as the indicators of iron availability and VD status decreased, which requires further study.