Оптическая генерация тока и магнитного поля в динамических электротехнических комплексах

Abstract

Alternative power supply of dynamic electrical complexes (DEC) with optoelectronics is a modern direction in electrical engineering and automation. Optoelectronic means are able to simultaneously deliver electricity and information to the consumer, which helps control the elements of automated and robotic systems. Most powerful sources of intense optical radiation are lasers and solar radiation concentrators. Intracavity control of the radiation of multimode laser sources by using Q-switches can initiate the intelligent operational mode for the DEC control system. When radiation intensity reaches 107 W/cm2, melting and evaporation of the solid target surface begin. When radiation intensity exceeds 1010 W/cm2, ionization occurs and the substance turns into the near-surface plasma. The effect of plasma formation during the interaction of intense optical radiation with the material of a solid body inside a capacitor closed to an inductor makes it possible to generate a current and a high-intensity magnetic field using the “capacitor-coil” method (CC-method). Higher radiation intensity causes shock excitation of semiconductor atoms, breaking the valence bonds in them, creating the electron-hole pairs, reversible avalanche breakdown and turning plasma into a solid. Using the generation of current and magnetic field by the CC method in the digital control system of DEC is of practical interest. There are shown the results of theoretical and experimental studies of spatial-energy characteristics of a laser plasma excited inside a capacitor closed to an inductor during the current and a magnetic field generation depending on the laser radiation divergence. The possibility of using a CC-converter of optical radiation into the current of the armature winding of a brushless electric motor is considered.