일본여성의 전통스포츠문화 연구 : 하네츠키(羽根突き)와 추천(鞦韆)을 중심으로

Abstract

The study aims to review the origin, characteristics, development, and cultural and social aspects of Hanetsuki and Syusen (swing), which were widely enjoyed by Japanese women as part of their traditional culture. It is unclear exactly when Hanetsuki emerged in Japan, but it was carried out as a shamanistic activity to prevent calamity and to wish for a long and healthy life when welcoming the new year. Hanetsuki in the early Edo period was mainly enjoyed by the upper social class and both men and women played it together; it was gradually spread to the general public later on. From the middle of the Edo period, Hagoita, which refers to a racket today, has been sold with colorful patterns and faces of famous Kabuki actors on them; Japanese people began to give and receive Hagoita as a gift for the new year’s day wishing to drive away evils. Since then, it took root as a women’s play. Since the 1920s, Hanetsuki has been adopted as a school material on traditional women’s play in modern schools and was encouraged as a physical activity for female students. Until the 1960s, women in average families enjoyed Hanetsuki in yards or gardens as a new year’s event, but today it is only passed down as a custom in which people exchange Hagoita as gifts.BR In ancient times Syusen was spread from China to Korea, and then to Japan, which then settled as a female sport related to Hansik (105th day after the winter solstice). Entering the Edo period, girls began to enjoy Syusen as one of the annual events. As the Japanese society modernized, Syusen was encouraged to be included as one of the physical activities in school curriculums. It was spot-lighted as a type of sports material for women, shifting from a traditional play, following the changing demand of the time. Today, there are only little swings installed in the corner of school playing fields or town parks.