Етнополітика та міграційна політика: до питання взаємозв’язку і взаємовпливу

Abstract

The article examines the question of the feasibility of expanding the object of ethnopolitics at the expense of ethnic groups, formed as a result of migration, as well as the need to take into account the ethnic characteristics of migrants while regulating migration processes on the background of the current migration situation in Ukraine and the prospects for its further development. On the basis of the analysis of the theoretical works of Ukrainian and foreign authors, political and international legal documents, legislation of Ukraine, it was concluded that in the interests of social unity is the recognition of diversity as a value and resource of development, the spread of ethnopolitics measures to „new” migrant minorities, the provision them guarantees against violation of rights, marginalization, forced assimilation. Unfavorable demographic situation, massive forced migration of Ukrainians abroad because of the war, as well as irreversible military losses of the population can lead to a shortage of labor force necessary for the post-war reconstruction of the country. If own labor and intellectual potential will be insufficient, Ukraine may need additional labor force from abroad for post-war recovery. Although Ukraine is currently unattractive to immigrants, their number compared to other countries is small, due to the war it has decreased, potential economic development and the need for additional labor force, closer ties with the EU may increase immigration, which will lead to the growth of ethnic, linguistic, cultural diversity The complexity of the ethno-cultural structure of society can have a positive character, contribute to the mutual enrichment of cultures and the common good, but it can also lead to negative consequences – a conflict of values, cultural norms, a breach of social unity. Under such conditions, the requirements for the migration policy of the state, as well as for its ethnopolitics, will naturally grow. This actualizes the intensification of the state's activities on the integration of newcomers into Ukrainian society, the formation of a tolerant attitude of the indigenous population towards migrants and migration, the prevention of all forms of discrimination, the prevention of racism and xenophobia, the deepening of intercultural dialogue, the awareness that unconditional protection of the rights of national minorities in the civilized world is impossible without ensuring a general climate of tolerance towards "others", which also applies to migrants.