Специфика номинаций географических объектов как отражение общенационального и регионального компонентов

Abstract

The political, economic, social and cultural changes that occur in the society affect the processes of nominating urban objects, which represent a fundamental part of toponymic policy. It therefore seems relevant to compare the basics of nominating processes underlying the hodonyms, which are understood as proper names that nominate linear or separately standing elements of a street and road network located on the territory of any type of settlement. The article deals with the hodonyms of Volgograd and Krasnoyarsk. As a result of the comparative study, it has been established that whilst nominating intra-city topographical objects of the abovementioned settlements, the most relevant were memorative and locative linguistic codes, through which the history of the area, country and world is characterized in the hodonymic space of the regions, while symbolic, ethnic and numeric linguistic codes are not decisive for the choice of urban objects' names. It has been proved that linguistic coding takes into account national trends in the development of globalization and glocalization processes and regional specifics, which clarify the geographical location of a settlement, the national composition of the population, their customs and traditions. The article identifies some factors that hinder the implementation of toponymic policy, the most significant of which are the low degree of novelty of the name within the city; the presence of hodonyms, one of the components of which is correlated with another geographical term, the occurrence of separate multi-component nominations.