Сравнительно-правовой анализ законодательных основ рационального природопользования в странах СНГ

Abstract

On the basis of the provisions of environmental legislation of countries of Commonwealth of Independent States the comparative legal analysis of legal bases of natural resources rational usage is given. The specific features of ecological-legal mechanism of provision of natural resources rational usage in the studied countries are determined. Relations between rational, steady, complex, effective and economical natural resources usage are analyzed. The legal essence of natural resources rational usage as a principle, condition, an element and requirement in the system of ecological-legal mechanism is defined. The major systematic elements of the legal mechanism of natural resources rational usage such as principles of environmental legislation, governance, economic mechanism, state programs, environmental requirements, standards, limits, environmental monitoring, environmental assessment, monitoring, research, system of compensation for environmental damage, environmental education, legal liability, and others are specified. It is concluded that foreign countries legislation defines it as a principle of environmental legislation, conditions for sustainable economic and social development, element of environmental education, type of environmental responsibilities of citizens, problem of environmental control, conditions for the use of economic incentives, object of government programs, requirements of special use of nature. The priority directions of improving norms of the ecological legislation, directed on providing natural resources rational usage are offered. The conclusion about possibility of using of the rules laid down in the legislation of studied states in the legislation of Uzbekistan is made.