Співставлення варіантів розташування теплових насосів для гарячого водопостачання від АЕС

Abstract

Fuel consumption for heat supply makes up about a third of the total amount of fuel and energy resources consumed in the country, and this value is twice as large as the amount of fuel consumed for electricity production. This means that in order to solve the problems related to climate change, it is necessary to use nuclear power plants (NPP) more widely in the direction of heat supply. The way to reduce heating costs is to use cogeneration. As the experience of using combined heat plants shows, fuel savings due to the combined production of electric and thermal energy is 13 % of the fuel consumption for electricity production. In the future, heat supply from NPPs should expand. This saves energy resources and reduces the burden on the environment. The use of steam condensation heat in the condenser of the NPP turbine as a low-potential source for a heat pump (HP) is considered. In this case, thermal pollution from the NPP is reduced. Currently, taxes for thermal pollution from NPPs are not charged, but, considering that this is one of their disadvantages and the great attention of humanity to the preservation of the environment, such taxes may soon be introduced. The work considers two options for the location of heat pumps to provide hot water supply to the city of Varash from the Rivne NPP: 1. Location of a powerful HP directly next to the NPP and transportation of hot water to the city. 2. Transportation of circulating water, heated in the condenser, to the city to provide HPs located near consumers. The comparison of these options was carried out on the basis of reduced costs, which took into account the cost of HPs, heat losses during the transportation of hot water and the cost of electricity for pumping. When taking into account the cost of HPs, the well-known formula for the dependence of specific equipment costs depending on capacity was used. As a result of the comparison, it was determined that the first option has the advantage. In the structure of reduced costs, the main contribution is made by the cost of heat pumps.