ДЛИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ КЛИНИЧЕСКОГО ЭФФЕКТА НИЗКОДОЗОВОЙ СУБЛИНГВАЛЬНО-ПЕРОРАЛЬНОЙ АЛЛЕРГЕНСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКОЙ ИММУНОТЕРАПИИ БРОНХИАЛЬНОЙ АСТМЫ

Abstract

Background. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) affects the immune response and the clinical course of bronchial asthma (BA). Objective. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sublingual-oral low-dose ASIT in asthma based on the results of 5-year follow-up. Material and Methods. ASIT was carried out with a mixture of household allergens in 51 patients aged 18-60 years old. The patient's opinion, the number and severity of BA exacerbations, the duration of post-immunotherapeutic remission and the factors influencing it, adherence to treatment, and the safety of treatment were taken into account. Results. The effectiveness of ASIT according to the patient’s opinion: 45.1% - excellent, 49% - good result. In allergic asthma, remission after ASIT was significantly higher than in mixed asthma. Full adherence to treatment (3 courses of ASIT) - in 76.5% (39/51) of patients. There were no adverse reactions during the entire observation period. The mixed BA phenotype, contact with the allergen in everyday life, and smoking had a negative effect. Positive - high compliance to therapy. Conclusions. Sublingual-oral ASIT is an effective and safe method of treating allergic and mixed asthma. The duration of post-immunotherapeutic remission of BA for 3 years was observed after 3 courses of ASIT.