АНАЛІЗ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ДОСВІДУ ВИКЛАДАННЯ МАТЕРІАЛОЗНАВСТВА ШВЕЙНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА НА УРОКАХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

Abstract

The article examines and analyzes the theoretical issues of introducing students to the production, processing, and application of textile fibers of plant and animal origin, chemical and artificial fibers, non-woven fabrics, fabrics and finishing materials. Methods of conducting laboratory-practical classes were determined, as well as tasks were set on how to create a certain idea among students about the role and place of textile materials in the garment industry. The stages of studying textile material science are also analyzed, and the methods of its explanation are investigated. Special attention is paid to the beginning of the presentation of the material, the peculiarities of studying the division into fibers, yarn, threads and fabric. At the same time, it is necessary to emphasize that textile materials are natural and chemical, to note that fibers are used for the production of fabrics, and threads and fabrics are used for sewing garments. Familiarization with weaving processes should begin with the definition of the term itself. It is explained to the students that weaving is a set of processes, as a result of which a fabric is formed by the interweaving of two mutually perpendicular systems of threads. It should be noted that the weaving process is divided into two stages: preparatory work and weaving, which is performed on looms. During the introduction to these processes, it is advisable to demonstrate the work on the loom to students, and only after that to analyze the weaving process itself. If students understand this, then the first stage of familiarizing them with weaving can be considered complete. Next, it is advisable for the students to briefly describe the looms, starting with the mechanical and ending with the automatic. It is known that the material about the professions of a spinner and a weaver is perceived with great interest. The teacher talks about the working conditions of these workers, the cycle of operations performed by them, as well as the types and duration of training. When explaining the material, it is necessary to constantly ensure that the acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities is carried out through the personal interest of students. Therefore, we conducted an analysis of the work experience of teachers related to these topics, substantiated motivational opportunities, and discovered interesting techniques and methods of teaching.