Феноменологические подходы в теории архитектуры в контексте современных когнитивных наук

Abstract

The article is a fragment of the scientific research devoted to the analysis of mod­ern approaches to the understanding of architecture. It considers the problems of phenomenological approach to architecture. Applied to architectural issues, the phenomenological approach can be considered as very productive and promising, but only as it appears to be practiced by K. Norberg-Schulz and J. Pallasmaa. The article notes the fundamental unity of views, which is demonstrated by repre­sentatives of the phenomenological approach, despite the individual speci­ficity of the each representative’s position. Probably, the integrity and depth of the phe­nomenological concept (in its “primordial form”) is consonant with the comp­rehensiveness of each individual act of perception. The author also draws atten­tion to the significant circumstance, that the phenomenological approach is in fundamentally irreconcilable contradiction (conceptual and methodological) to the numerous attempts by “architectural semiotics and structuralists” to explain the whole by breaking it up into “semantic fragments”. He analyzes the corre­lation between the position of representatives of the phenomenological approach to architecture and scientific views in the sphere of modern psychology and ana­lytical philosophy. The article notes the basic similarity of the phenomeno­logical concept with M. Polanyi’s theory of “tacit knowledge”, in which those kinds of knowledge (and also practical skills) are considered and which cannot be formal­ized (partially or completely) for the purpose of transferring to others. The author also offers for consideration the introduction of concept of “pheno­menology of semi-instinctive behavior in its dynamic formation”.