НЕ АСИМІЛЬОВАНІ ФРАНЦУЗЬКІ ЛЕКСЕМИ У СЛОВНИКУ ТУНІСЬКОГО ДІАЛЕКТУ АРАБСЬКОЇ МОВИ

Abstract

The analysis of the samples of French components of Tunisian Arabic showed cases of the absence of signs of formal adaptation in a number of foreign lexemes. The study of the phonetic-phonological aspect of the assimilation processes enabled us to point out basic tendencies of nonobservance of Tunisian Arabic phonological norms as well as to outline similarities and differences of the development of loanwords amid the Tunisian and Pan-Arabian language arena. The preservation of the original sound form by Gallicisms is highlighted in terms of the structural features of Tunisian Arabic (extended vocal and consonant systems, acceptability of the initial and final clusters and different types of extra-long syllables, as well as admissibility of the coincidence of more than two consonants). Beside Non-Arabized words of French origin, there are also words that reflect the "compromise" adaptation of Gallicisms to the norms of the Recipient Language – that means subordination to Arabic phonetic norms and their violation within the same loanword. Among Gallicisms reflecting this partial adaptation there are, in particular, words in which the mechanical transfer of some French phonemes is opposed to the reasoned substitution of others, or words in which the substitution of the French phonemes by the Arabic ones contrasts with the preservation of the initial cluster or extra-long syllable. The analysis of the word stress aspect of French borrowings while entering Tunisian Arabic allowed us to outline the patterns of violation of the canons of its accentuation system, namely to find out that the reproduction of the original word stress (occurring on the last syllable) may be mostly seen in words with a slightly changed or unchanged original sound form, whereas the oxytonal stress itself can be fairly often subordinated to the rules of word stressing within the two studied language systems.