ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ ПРОЦЕСІВ ДИФУЗІЇ ІННОВАЦІЙ У СЕКТОРІ ІКТ В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

The article considers the structural features of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in Ukraine as a basis for the digital economy emergence, as well as the processes of diffusion of innovations that provide its formation. The indicators of global ICT costs and the global software development market of services are considered; their dynamics is shown. The indicators that characterize the activation of the processes of diffusion of innovations in the ICT field in the world are analyzed. An integrated scientific and methodological approach is proposed that combines structural and institutional analysis, parametric estimates of statistical data, and it should be an improvement of the methodology of national digital ecosystem research. The step-by-step analysis of parameters of diffusion of innovations in the ICT sector is characterized. The main problems and limitations of the development of diffusion of innovations in the ICT sector are identified. An analysis of the experience of Ukrainian startups that have succeeded in the global market, as well as promising startups that are close to it was conducted in order to develop solutions to ensure the development of diffusion of innovations in the ICT sector in Ukraine. The projects and companies of the Noosphere group are considered in order to present the experience of providing of diffusion of innovations. The methods used by Noosphere companies and projects to obtain and promote technologies are studied in detail. New scientific factors for the diffusion of innovations based on the study of this experience have been identified. The cluster-classification analysis of branches of economy and regions of Ukraine was conducted. The key indicators in determining the positions of industries and regions in the overall gradation are highlighted. A parametric analysis of the obtained results was conducted; a large digital divide between industries and regions of Ukraine was substantiated. It was shown that the obtained results form a parametric map of the digital economy management by industries and regions, as well as a map of diffusion of innovations. It is analyzed that the digital divide reduction due to the interregional diffusion of innovations requires mechanisms of interregional cooperation, collaboration between science and industry (business), technological platforms; demonstration events conducting (at the special agencies level), national projects. A scheme of state support for technology transfer has been developed based on foreign experience; it covers the entire cycle of innovation creation within the framework of imitation.