Использование цифровых моделей местности высокого пространственного разрешения для выделения водотока

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Global digital surface (DSM) and elevation (DEM) models of medium spatial resolution (30 m) are traditionally used for extraction of vector hydrography for large areas. The article considers the possibility of waterline delineation by the tools of geographic information systems in relation to the regional digital surface model ArcticDEM of high (2 and 10 m) and medium (32 m) spatial resolution to assess the correctness and feasibility of this approach in hydrographic modeling. Since the algorithm of waterline delineation depends on the relief of the adjacent territories, three objects were selected for the study—the Northern Dvina River, the Moyero River and the Moma River, flowing in different geographical conditions. In order to validate the results of waterline delineation using DSM and DEM, their reference vector objects were created. Computer performance was considered in terms of processing high spatial resolution data. The revealed dependence of the calculation time of auxiliary layers on model’s spatial resolution makes it possible to estimate the expected load on a particular personal computer when conducting similar studies. It has been established that the usage of high spatial resolution models for waterline delineation cannot guarantee an increase in the correctness of the resulting vector hydrography. On the example of the part of the Northern Dvina River, longitudinal profiles of the terrain were constructed using DSM and DEM, which allow us to judge the quality of the initial data before using the waterline delineation algorithm. The longitudinal profiles can be used to identify model artifacts in places of unusually high elevation differences. These same areas will be the most incorrect in the resulting vector hydrographic objects, which means that they should be given more attention when performing automated delineation and validating its results.