Особенности выбора материалов для специальной защитной одежды работников металлургической промышленности

Abstract

The existing technical requirements for protective clothing of the employees of metallurgical enterprises are very general and do not consider the full variety of hazardous factors of industries in this area. Metallurgist special clothing should not only reliably protect against fire and heat exposure, but also provide for comfortable work environment. Methodology and criteria for assessment of the fabric thermal resistance, which are the basis for the requirements of metallurgist protective clothing, do not fully consider the real thermal and fire loads on the material of the protective suits top, that may result in the loss of the physical, mechanical, and protective properties of the fabric, as well as its destruction. It is advisable to develop a more comprehensive approach to the thermal safety requirements, which considers the actual loads on the fabric for selecting the protective clothing material. It is required to ensure not only its fire and heat resistance and integrity of the operational properties, but also comfortable working conditions that allow employees to perform their professional duties more efficiently. Experimental studies were conducted (in laboratory and production conditions) on the assessment of the thermal insulation ability, resistance to ignition, spills, and splashes of the molten metals for the materials recommended by the foreign and Russian companies for the top of metallurgists special clothing. It is shown that the materials made of a mixture of heat-resistant and wool fibers have advantages over other materials. The development of new materials from a mixture of heat-resistant and modified fibers with the improved functional characteristics is one of the promising and necessary areas at the development of suits for the employees in the metallurgical industry. Structural and methodological scheme is proposed that ensures an integrated approach to the development of special protective clothing for the metallurgists. Establishment of the thermal safety requirements in this approach is carried out considering the specifics of the personnel work, real thermal and fire loads on the fabric.