Abstract
Parents were compared between 194 cases and 194 controls to explore the sociocultural backgrounds and genetico-physical characteristics for the development of cleft lip and/or palate.Major findings which emerged from the present analysis arc as follows:(1) Parental birthplace, parental ages at marriage and at birth including age difference, frequencies of pregnancy, miscarriage or stillbirth, number of family members, type of living quarters, and pets breeding were not significantly different between cases and controls.(2) Parental education attainment was significantly different; fewer university graduates and more parents who completed only junior high school in cases than in controls.(3) Fathers significantly worked more often as professional and technical workers in controls, but more parents were unskilled laborers and service workers in cases.(4) On the average, parents were much shorter and fathers weighted much less in cases than in controls, with statistical significance.(5) Mothers experienced artificial abortions more often in cases than in controls.(6) Frequency of cleft lip and/or palate in relatives was significantly higher in cases, and parental consanguineous marriage was also more prevalent in cases.
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