МІЖНАРОДНА ДОПОМОГА І ПОСТВОЄННА ВІДБУДОВА ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ КРАЇН: ДОСВІД ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The reconstruction of Western Europe after the Second World War was one of the greatest successes of economic and foreign policy. The purpose of the article is to analyse the peculiarities of international assistance in the post-war reconstruction of European countries and to implement the available experience for effective implementation in Ukraine. The goals and directions of implementation of the European Recovery Programme (Marshall Plan), financial and institutional support are determined. It is substantiated that the implementation of the Plan contributed to strengthening European cohesion around the relevant political reforms aimed at developing and increasing production, expanding trade, and ensuring stability. The article identifies the main components that ensured the effectiveness of the post-war recovery programme for national economies of Western Europe and suggests the directions for implementation of the European experience in Ukrainian practice, including: optimal and timely combination of political and economic factors corresponding to a particular historical moment; responsibility, validity and comprehensiveness of the programme, which ensured adaptation of specific assistance programmes and measures to local conditions; constructive dialogue with the public; awareness of the responsibility of mutual cooperation and self-help, highly effective institutional support for the programme, etc. It is proved that the effective organisation of international assistance for the restoration and formation of the basis for the post-war reconstruction of the national economy in modern conditions is becoming the most important condition for ensuring the security development of not only Ukraine and Europe, but also sustainable global development. Key words: international assistance, post-war reconstruction, recovery programme, humanitarian assistance.