Агрегатування сільськогосподарської техніки — одна з сучасних актуальних проблем землеробської механіки

Abstract

Goal. To determine the formation of symbioticand photosynthetic apparatus, soil microbiota, andseed productivity of soybean varieties of differentprecociousness after seed inoculation with noduleand endophytic bacteria under irrigation conditionsof the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field(determination of the number of nodules on plantroots, total leaf surface, photosynthesis efficiency,soy seed productivity), laboratory (number of soilmicroorganisms), statistical. Results. On average,over 3 years of research (2018–2020), the leafsurface area after endophytic rhizobial inoculationof seeds with RyzobinK + Bacillus sp. 4 was greaterby 63.8–52.6% compared to non-inoculatedplants. In the root zone of plants, the developmentof pedo-trophic, proto-trophic, oligo-nitrogen-trophic,and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms was activatedduring complex endophyte-rhizobial inoculation.Complex inoculation of soy seeds stimulated theformation of a symbiotic system, the number ofnodules increased by 60–65%, and their weight —by 12–51%. In an average of 3 years, during thepre-sowing treatment of seeds with RyzobinK ++ Bacillus sp. 4, the highest yield of soy seeds ofDiona was 2.66 t/ha, and Aratta variety — was2.90 t/ha. Conclusions. The use of nodule andendophytic soy bacteria for complex inoculationof seeds of the ultra-early variety Diona and themid-early variety Aratta contributes to the active developmentof plants with an increased leaf surfaceand high photo assimilation productivity, stimulatesthe growth of agronomically useful soil microorganisms.The highest yield of soybean seeds wasformed by the pre-sowing treatment of seeds withRyzobinK + Bacillus sp.4 and was 28.5–31.8% higherthan in the control variants.