ЦИФРОВАЯ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ РЕГИОНОВ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ

Abstract

According to global trends, the growing level of technological equipment of agricultural production requires a reduction in the chain of introduction of all newly created or improved technologies by reducing the territorial imbalances of digital development. An analysis of the regulatory framework of the EU member states confirms that for most regions of the EU, the transition from support to large agricultural organizations to the priority development of small and medium-sized businesses is seen as a key area of economic development. The Russian agrifood complex is characterized by technological heterogeneity and high differentiation of regions of agricultural specialization in terms of the level of innovation activity. Based on data from open sources, the subjects of the Russian Federation were compared in terms of the size and specific weight of the sown (planting) area, on which elements of precision farming are used. It was revealed that at the moment, in most constituent entities of the Russian Federation, digitalization means are used disproportionately to the size of their sown areas. It has been confirmed that the regional imbalance in the use of digital technologies is due to the predominance of small businesses in the structure of crop production. Proposals for reducing the digital inequality between the regions of the Russian Federation of agricultural specialization are substantiated. The analysis of the principles of building a European thematic platform for smart specialization, its impact on strengthening interregional cooperation in the field of digitalization of agriculture. The necessity of transferring the experience of the EU member states to reduce the digital divide between the regions of the Russian Federation and increase the innovative activity of enterprises of the national agri-food complex has been substantiated. It is concluded that the creation of an interregional innovation ecosystem will clearly identify the gaps in the value chains of each participant, identify the general directions of technical modernization of agricultural pro- duction and concretize areas for joint investment in projects with high potential returns.