ФІЗИЧНІ ТА ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ СТАНИ В ЕКСТРЕМАЛЬНИХ УМОВАХ ВІЙСЬКОВО-ПРАКТИЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

Abstract

Introduction. In recent years, the problems of professional readiness and psychological states in the activity of a serviceman, and especially in those areas that are connected with extreme conditions of service activity have become a special and urgent issue in armed formations of the country. Under the increased danger, the certain specific tasks effectiveness can significantly be reduced regarding even a professionally trained serviceman, there could be accidents, non-combat injuries due to disorganization or breach of activity, false decisions made, non-readiness (physically), and the psychological process disturbances. Purpose. To reveal the reasons of adverse changes in professional activity in extreme conditions and find possible ways of their prevention - the task whose solution is largely dependent on success in studying the problem, namely: in determining the system of factors that provide a reflection by the person of the extreme situation and planning peculiarities and performance of activity on the basis of reflection of its character. Methods. The previous stage consisted in collecting data on the methods of expert evaluation, pulmonology, carrying out an associative test while performing the experimental tasks by the military sailors without the influence of hazardous factors. During the training for the execution of the task, the midshipmen were being acquainted with its peculiarities, worked out an associative test, while the heart rate measurements (HRM) were being conducted. The stage of the task implementation under the simulated extreme conditions was connected with the associative test performance and HRM records, therefore, the effectiveness of each serviceman was determined within the 3-point scale. Results. Results obtained from the pilot study show that psychological diagnostics of physical and psychological tension based on its active correlation, can assist in determining the preparedness of the military sailors, future officers to perform combat tasks in extreme situations. The methodology based on pulsometry and the modified variant of the associative experiment combined, allows to diagnose various levels of physical and psychological (tension) stress which correspond to the degree of activity efficiency .Conclusion. 1. Diagnostics of the physical and mental states that emerge and mature for the military sailors during the special tasks implementation in extreme conditions can be successfully carried out by means of physical and psychological indicators of these states records by utilizing singled out criteria based on revealing the active correlations of physical and mental-states studied. One of the effective methods of diagnostics of the physical and psychological tension is the associative test, the work that is required by the strict determination and records of temporal, quantitative and qualitative indices.2. The diagnosis of the functional states creates the specified possibilities to predict the activity effectiveness, the activity of the servicemen, future naval officers of the Navy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine under extreme conditions. This can be applied in professional training during studies (drill).