Abstract
The main moral and religious themes of J. Tolkien`s novels “The Lord of rings” and “The Silmarillion” are observed in the article. It is analyzed that Tolkien followed Christian tradition, sharing st. Augustine`s conception of evil as the absence of good. It is clarified Tolkien`s anti-Nietzschean position where evil is equal to the will to power, while the good is associated with humility and serving. It is shown an author`s interpretation of Socratic classic inquiry: would people live virtuous life if they achieve omnipotence and why moral life is preferable than immoral one. According to Tolkien, human moral obligations are closely connected with the awareness of freedom and mortality which are regarded as a giftto a man, enabling to escape from senseless “badinfinity” (Hegel) of material determinant existence. In its turn, a notion of “gift” refersto metaphysical model of world that assumes divine being and his providential intervention in the course of earthly history. One of this divine providence`s manifestation is so called “eucatastrophe”, unexpected salvation from tragedy, therapeutic consolation that returns to a man the feeling of meaningfulness and joy of being. It is suggested thatsalvation can be interpreted in romantic way as coincidence point of trajectories of art and nature, where fairy tale embodies in life, and life starts to be built according to the laws of fairy tale.
Highlights
A special attention is paid to issues of the mechanisms for internal Quality Assurance of education and for increase of the role of the humanities in both Ukraine and the EU
The paper describes the positive experience of realization of international cooperation and social partnership in Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in the framework of the HESDeSPI project (20102013), the participants of which were European universities (Armenia, Georgia, Italy, Latvia, Moldova, Portugal, Ukraine), employers from Kyiv and Simferopol, government, public and administrative agents, and students
Special attention is given to the tasks of the project, the stage of its implementation and the results, which had a significant impact on the formation of curricula for bachelors of cultural studies (2011) and masters of cultural studies (2015) at the Faculty of Philosophy of the Kyiv University
Summary
It can be argued that the mechanisms of international cooperation and social partnership allow the exchange of experience in the modernization and reform of the higher education system with the EU universities, provide staff mobility in order to exchange teaching and scientific experience, provide information on the labor market in the cultural sector, help to introduce new academic disciplines and progressive teaching methods, organize training and practices.
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