Монокулярная и бинокулярная визоконтрастная чувствительность у детей младшего школьного возраста

Abstract

Purpose.. To evaluate monocular and binocular contrast sensitivity to achromatic and monochromatic colors in children of primary school age from the specific regions in the North of Russian Federation. Material and methods. 36 children of the city of Tyumen and 422 children, students at the secondary school of the village of Beloyarsk of the Priuralsky district and the village of Kharampur of the Purovsky district of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, were examined. Contrast perimetry using an atlas of test images was performed to assess the frequency-contrast characteristics (FCC) of the visual system of the examined individuals. The results of the study underwent statistical analysis using the IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0 software package. Results. The monocular spatial contrast sensitivity of the children from the specific regions in the North of Russian Federation in comparison with the residents of Tyumen is significantly lower (p<0.001). The formation of the binocular visual system in children from the specific regions in the North of Russian Federation. is faster. In the area of high spatial frequencies in children, the formation of perception of blue color falls behind, which is not observed in low spatial frequencies. At the same time, in the area of medium frequencies, the perception of all monochromatic colors stays far behind, especially green. Conclusion. Normative indicators of frequency-contrast sensitivity to achromatic color of primary school children have been formed. It is established that binocular spatial contrast sensitivity in children of primary school age from the specific regions in the North of Russian Federation is formed faster than monocular spatial-frequency components, in comparison with schoolchildren of Tyumen. Key words: spatial contrast sensitivity, visual analyzer, primary school age, the specific regions in the North of Russian Federation