하위절의 청자 존중 표현의 형태 통사적 접근: 과거시제와 짐작표현을 중심으로

Abstract

The past tense marker -ess and the assumption marker -keyss in Korean appear as a speaker’s politeness one, which induces the addressee honorification. This is available even when they are embedded in the bi-clausal structure. The addressee honorification expression has the speech act phrase(saP) for the hearer above the (matrix) CP. However, the typical addressee honorification markers such as -si, -sey-yo, or si-ess-sup-ni-ta are only available within the simplex clause. The addressee honorification markers such as -ess or -keyss have a Hearer in Spec-saP in order for the unchecked feature of the addressee honorification marker on sa to be discharged in the Spec-head relation with the Hearer in Spec-saP in the concept of Chomsky’s (1995) Minimalist Program, which creates the addressee honorification at the speech level. The unchecked feature of the addressee honorification markers percolates from (the embedded) T to the head sa. At this point, saP is above (the matrix) CP, which is why the addressee honorification markers cannot be feature-checked in the embedded clause. The lower clause cannot have the speech act phrase layered above its CP.