Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of rough-and-tumble play on peer popularity among boys and to explore the roles of self-regulation in the relationship between two characteristics. There were 417 five-year-old boys participating from 57 child care centers in Chungcheong-do. The data collected were analyzed for mediating effect (Model 4) and moderation effect (Model 1) using PROCESS macro version 3.4. The results of mediating effect revealed that the more the boys enjoyed rough-and-tumble play, the lower the self-regulation and the better the self-regulation, the higher the popularity of peers; on the other way, the direct effect of rough-and-tumble play on popularity among boys were negative. Second, the interaction between rough-and-tumble play and self-regulation was found to be significant, confirming that self-regulation regulates the effect of rough-and-tumble play on peer popularity among boys. It is suggested that the contribution of rough-and-tumble play to social relationships between young boys is limited when they are competent the competence to control the level of impulsiveness and act strategically. In addition, the moderating model is more appropriate than the mediating model to explain the role of self-regulation in the effects of rough-and-tumble play on peer popularity among boys.
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